Salt. Sodium. It’s essential for life-in-general. And in the kitchen, it is probably the most important ingredient we have. Salt makes food taste better. Simple. Right? Not exactly. If you’ve ever tried eating something with a stuffy nose you probably know how important smell is. Salt has properties that release food molecules into the air, giving the food an aroma. In small concentrations, salt curbs bitterness and enhances sweet, sour, and umami. At higher levels, it reduces sweetness and enhances umami. But not all salt is the same. We were excited to find out that so many different types, flavors, and sizes of salt exist. Each one has unique properties that lend to different flavors, and, therefore, uses. Let’s dive into the different kinds of salt and what they’re best used for.
1. Tablesalt
Table salt - the most common - is harvested from salt deposits found underground. It's highly refined and finely ground, with impurities and trace minerals removed in the process. It's also treated with an anti-caking agent to keep from clumping.
Most table salt is iodized, meaning iodine has been added to prevent iodine deficiency, which can (and does, in much of the world) cause hypothyroidism and other maladies.
2. Kosher salt
Koshering salt - or kosher salt, in the U.S. - is flakier and coarser-grained than regular table salt. Its large grain size makes it perfect for sprinkling on top of meat, where it releases a surprising blast of flavor. Kosher salt also dissolves quickly, making it a perfect all-purpose cooking salt.
However, most kosher salt does not contain any added iodine, and only rarely any anti-caking agents. Despite the name, all kosher salt is not certified kosher. Rather, it's used in the koshering process, when surface fluids are removed from meat through desiccation.
3. Sea salt
Harvested from evaporated seawater, sea salt is usually unrefined and coarser-grained than table salt. It also contains some of the minerals from where it was harvested - zinc, potassium, and iron among them - which give sea salt a more complex flavor profile.
"Sea salt" is a pretty broad term, as it includes some of the specialty salts described below. Sprinkle it on top of foods for a different mouthfeel and bigger burst of flavor than table salt.
We Recommend Trying: SaltWorks Pure Ocean Premium Sea Salt
4. Himalayan pink salt
Of the different types of salt, Himalayan salt is the purest form of salt in the world and is harvested by hand from Khewra Salt Mine in the Himalayan Mountains of Pakistan. Its color ranges from off-white to deep pink. Rich in minerals - it contains the 84 natural minerals and elements found in the human body - Himalayan salt is used in spa treatments, as well as the kitchen.
Its mineral content gives it a bolder flavor than many other salts, so use it as a cooking and finishing salt. Slabs of Himalayan salt are used for cooking and serving (Himalayan salt retains temperature for hours), and unfinished pieces often appear in shops as lamps.
5. Celtic sea salt
Also known assel gris(Frenchfor"grey salt"), Celtic sea salt is harvested from the bottom of tidal ponds off the coast of France. The salt crystals are raked out after sinking; this, plus the mineral-rich seawater it's extracted from, gives Celtic salt its moist, chunky grains, grey hue, and briny taste.
It's great on fish and meat as both a cooking and finishing salt, as well as for baking.
We Recommend Trying: SaltWorks Sel Gris French Gray Sea Salt (Fine Grain)
6. Fleur de Sel
Literally “flower of salt,” fluer de sel is a sea salt hand-harvested from tidal pools off the coast of Brittany, France. Paper-thin salt crystals are delicately drawn from the water's surface, much like cream is taken from milk. This can only be done on sunny, dry days with a slight breeze, and only with traditional wooden rakes. Because of its scarcity and labor-intensive harvesting, fleur de sel is the most expensive salt (five pounds will run you a cool $80), earning it the nickname "the caviar of salts."
It retains moisture, and has blue-grey tint, from its high mineral content andoceanic beginnings. If you can afford it, use fleur de sel as a finishing salt to add an impressive dash of flavor to meat, seafood, vegetables, even sweets like chocolate and caramel.
We Recommend Trying: SaltWorks Fleur De Sel French Flower of Salt
7. Flake salt
Harvested from saltwater through evaporation, boiling or other means, flake salt is thin and irregularly shaped with a bright, salty taste and very low mineral content.
This shape means the crunchy flake salt dissolves quickly, resulting in a "pop" of flavor. Of the different types of salt, use it as a finishing salt, especially on meats.
We Recommend Trying: SaltWorks Cyprus Flake Mediterranean Sea Salt Flakes or SaltWorks Pacific Blue Flake Sea Salt
8. Black Hawaiiansalt
Also known as black lava salt, black Hawaiian salt is a sea salt harvested from - you guessed it - the volcanic islands of Hawaii. It gets its deep, black color from the addition of activated charcoal.
Coarse-grained and crunchy, black Hawaiian salt is great for finishing pork and seafood.
We Recommend Trying: SaltWorks Hiwa Kai Black Hawaiian Style Sea Salt
9. Red Hawaiiansalt
Also called alaea salt, this unrefined, red Hawaiian salt gets its name and color from the reddish, iron-rich volcanic clay alaea.
Used for centuries in ceremonial ways for cleansing, purification and the blessing of tools, red Hawaiian salt is also great in the kitchen, adding an attractive finish and robust flavorto seafood and meat, as well as traditional island dishes like poke and pipikaula, a Hawaiian jerky.
We Recommend Trying: SaltWorks Alaea Red Hawaiian Style Sea Salt
10. Smoked salt
Slow-smoked up to two weeks over a wood fire (usually hickory, mesquite, apple, oak or alder wood), smoked salt adds an intense and, yes, smoky flavor to dishes.
Depending on the time smoked and the wood used, tastes will vary from brand to brand. Smoked salt is the best of the different types of salt to use for flavoring meats and heartier vegetables, like potatoes.
We Recommend Trying: SaltWorks Bonfire Extra Bold Smoked Sea Salt, SaltWorks Yakima Applewood Smoked Sea Salt, or SaltWorks Salish Alderwood Smoked Sea Salt
By Mike Rahel 4 comment
